The Public Religion Research Institute (PRRI), an American nonprofit, nonpartisan research and education organization, conducts research on politics, culture, and religion. In 2024, PRRI conducted a pioneering national survey enabling estimates of Christian nationalism (CN) support across every U.S. state. Building on this effort, PRRI conducted in-depth interviews with over 22,000 adults to gauge the prevalence and drivers of these views. The following are some of their findings.
Three in ten Americans can qualify as Christian nationalists (10% CN adherents and 20% CN sympathizers). A similar percentage (29%) are rejectors of CN, while 37% were CN skeptics. Support for CN correlates strongly with politics, media consumption, age, and education. Most Republicans are Christian nationalists (53%), compared to only 22% of independents and 16% of Democrats. Americans who view far-right TV news, older Americans, and less-educated Americans also show majority support for CN. In terms of Christian denominations, White evangelical Christians and Hispanic Protestants are the groups most likely to support CN. Also, frequent church attendees (51%) are far more CN supportive than those who seldom or never attend (18%).
Geographically, unsurprisingly, support for CN is concentrated in the US South and Midwest. States, where CN has the highest support (approximately 50% of their residents) include Mississippi, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, West Virginia, and North Dakota. Regarding elections and democracy, most Christian nationalists (two-thirds of adherents and nearly half of sympathizers) believe Trump’s victory was divinely ordained. They also express greater confidence in democracy’s strength, are more likely to believe Trump will leave office peacefully, and are less concerned he will use federal power to punish opponents.
Christian Nationalist Americans differ from other Americans on immigration and gender roles. A large majority of CN believe immigrants are mostly illegal, are invading the US, and are replacing their culture and ethnicity. They are also more likely to believe society has become too soft and feminine and that men and women should stick to “naturally suited” roles. Finally, believers in CN are more inclined to endorse political violence.
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